Hotspots are identified through a combination of epidemiological methods and data analysis: 1. Surveillance Data: Continuous collection of data on disease incidence and prevalence. 2. Spatial Analysis: Geospatial techniques such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can map disease cases and identify clusters. 3. Statistical Methods: Techniques like Kulldorff’s spatial scan statistics can detect significant clusters of disease cases. 4. Field Investigations: On-ground surveys and studies can confirm and provide context to the data collected.
