Applying for a P01 grant is a rigorous process that requires detailed planning and coordination. Researchers must develop a comprehensive proposal that outlines the scientific rationale, specific aims, methodology, and the collaborative structure of the program. It is essential to demonstrate how the individual projects and cores are interrelated and how they collectively contribute to the program’s overall objectives. Applicants should also highlight the significance and innovation of their research, and provide preliminary data to support the feasibility of their approach.