Epidemiologists study MDROs through a combination of surveillance, molecular typing, and outbreak investigations. Surveillance systems track the incidence and prevalence of MDROs in various settings, providing data for risk assessment and intervention planning. Molecular typing techniques, such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS), help identify the genetic relatedness of strains, tracing the sources and routes of transmission during outbreaks.
