UV radiation can cause direct damage to the DNA in skin cells, leading to mutations that may result in cancer. UVA rays penetrate deeper into the skin and are primarily responsible for aging effects such as wrinkles and leathery skin. UVB rays are more energetic and cause sunburn by damaging the outer layers of the skin. Both types of radiation contribute to the formation of skin cancers like basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma.
