Confounding occurs when the relationship between an exposure and outcome is distorted by a third variable that is associated with both. Epidemiologists use various methods to address confounding, such as:
- Stratification: Analyzing data within strata of the confounding variable. - Multivariable Analysis: Using statistical models to adjust for multiple confounders. - Randomization: In RCTs, randomization helps to evenly distribute confounders between groups.
