Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDDs) encompass a range of health issues that arise from insufficient iodine intake. Iodine is an essential micronutrient required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which play a crucial role in metabolism, growth, and development. The most common manifestation of iodine deficiency is goiter (enlargement of the thyroid gland), but it can also lead to more severe conditions such as hypothyroidism, cretinism, and various forms of mental impairment.
