The comet assay involves embedding cells in agarose gel on a microscope slide, lysing the cells to release DNA, and then subjecting the DNA to electrophoresis. Damaged DNA migrates out of the cell, forming a tail that resembles a comet. The extent of DNA migration is proportional to the amount of damage and can be quantified using image analysis software. This process includes several steps:
Cell collection and embedding in agarose gel. Lysis to remove membranes and proteins. Electrophoresis to allow DNA fragments to migrate. Staining and imaging to visualize DNA damage. Analysis to quantify the extent of damage.
