The most common method for measuring bone density is the DEXA scan, a quick and painless procedure that uses low levels of X-rays. The scan usually focuses on the hip and spine, areas most prone to fractures. The results are compared to a reference population to determine the bone density score, known as the T-score. A T-score of -1.0 or above is considered normal, between -1.0 and -2.5 indicates osteopenia, and -2.5 or lower signifies osteoporosis.
