Chemical control agents work through various mechanisms: - Disinfectants disrupt cell membranes or denature proteins, leading to the death of microorganisms. - Insecticides may target the nervous system of insects, leading to paralysis and death. - Antimicrobials can inhibit essential cellular processes in microorganisms, such as cell wall synthesis or protein synthesis. - Herbicides interfere with plant metabolism, leading to the death of unwanted vegetation.