Air pollutants can affect human health in multiple ways. Short-term exposure to high levels of pollutants like PM and ozone can cause acute respiratory symptoms such as coughing, throat irritation, and shortness of breath. Long-term exposure can lead to chronic conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and heart disease. Vulnerable populations, including children, the elderly, and individuals with pre-existing health conditions, are particularly at risk.
