Measurement errors can significantly impact the accuracy of epidemiological studies. If variables are not measured correctly, it can lead to misclassification of exposure or outcome status, thereby distorting the association between the two. For instance, if the exposure is underreported, the association with the outcome may appear weaker than it actually is. Conversely, overreporting can exaggerate the association. Ensuring rigorous data collection methods and validation of tools can help minimize measurement errors.
