Frequency distribution is essential for several reasons: 1. Summarization: It helps in summarizing large datasets, making them more comprehensible. 2. Pattern Recognition: It enables the identification of patterns and trends, which is critical for understanding the spread and impact of diseases. 3. Anomalies Detection: It aids in detecting anomalies or outliers that may indicate unusual events or errors in data. 4. Comparison: It allows for the comparison of different groups or time periods, facilitating better decision-making in public health interventions.