Age is a fundamental variable in epidemiologic research because it can affect the incidence and prevalence of diseases. For instance, certain conditions like cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative disorders primarily affect older populations, whereas infectious diseases might be more common in younger age groups.
How Does Age Affect Disease Vulnerability? The immune system undergoes significant changes throughout an individual's lifespan. Immunosenescence, the gradual deterioration of the immune system associated with aging, increases susceptibility to infections and chronic diseases. Conversely, children may have immature immune systems that make them vulnerable to different pathogens than adults.
Age-Specific Interventions Age-specific interventions are crucial for effective disease prevention and management. For example, vaccination programs are typically targeted at children, while screening programs for cancers, such as mammography and colonoscopy, are more relevant for older adults.
