Prognostic biomarkers play a vital role in clinical practice and public health. They help in: 1. Risk Stratification: Identifying patients who are at higher or lower risk of disease progression. 2. Treatment Decisions: Guiding clinicians in choosing the most appropriate therapy. 3. Monitoring Disease Progression: Tracking how a disease evolves in a patient over time. 4. Clinical Trials: Serving as endpoints or inclusion criteria in research studies.