1. Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course (DOTS): Ensures patients adhere to their treatment regimens. 2. Strengthening Health Systems: Improving diagnostic and treatment infrastructure. 3. Research and Development: Developing new TB drugs and vaccines. 4. Public Health Campaigns: Raising awareness and educating communities about TB prevention and treatment. 5. International Collaboration: Global initiatives like the Stop TB Partnership and funding from organizations like the Global Fund.