Several methods are employed in population genetics to understand the genetic structure of populations:
1. Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS): These studies scan the entire genome to find genetic variations associated with specific diseases. 2. Sequencing: Whole-genome sequencing and exome sequencing allow for the detailed analysis of genetic variations. 3. Bioinformatics: Computational tools are used to analyze large sets of genetic data, identify patterns, and predict outcomes. 4. Statistical Models: Various statistical models and algorithms are used to estimate allele frequencies and to understand the evolutionary forces acting on them.
