The future of therapeutic vaccines looks promising with advances in [biotechnology](https://www.genome.gov/about-genomics/fact-sheets/Biotechnology-Innovation) and [genetic engineering](https://www.genome.gov/about-genomics/fact-sheets/Genetic-Engineering). Novel approaches such as personalized vaccines, which are tailored to an individual’s genetic makeup and specific disease profile, are being explored. Additionally, the integration of [artificial intelligence](https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/ai-for-health) and machine learning in vaccine design and development can potentially accelerate the discovery of new therapeutic targets and optimize vaccine formulations.
