Incidence refers to the number of new cases of a disease or condition that occur in a specified population during a defined time period. It is crucial for identifying emerging health threats and evaluating the effectiveness of preventive measures. To measure incidence, researchers often use incidence rate, which is calculated as the number of new cases divided by the population at risk during the same period. Incidence proportion or cumulative incidence is another measure, representing the proportion of the at-risk population that develops the condition over a specified time frame.
