Air quality refers to the condition of the air within our surroundings. It is determined by the concentration of pollutants, which include particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3). The quality of air is typically measured using an Air Quality Index (AQI), which provides a standardized way to compare the levels of different pollutants.