Several factors can lead to inconsistent results in epidemiological studies:
Sample Size: Smaller sample sizes may not accurately represent the population, leading to variability in results. Measurement Error: Inaccurate data collection methods can introduce errors that skew results. Confounding Variables: Unaccounted-for variables can influence the relationship between the studied exposure and outcome. Selection Bias: Non-random selection of participants can lead to results that are not generalizable. Temporal Variability: Changes over time in the population or environment can impact study outcomes.
