Several tools and techniques are pivotal in the application of bioinformatics to epidemiology:
Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS): High-throughput sequencing technologies that provide detailed genetic information about pathogens. Phylogenetic Analysis: Methods to study the evolutionary relationships between different strains of pathogens. Bioinformatics Databases: Repositories such as GenBank and EMBL-EBI that store genetic and genomic data. Machine Learning Algorithms: Techniques used to predict disease outcomes, identify risk factors, and classify pathogens.
