air quality:

What are the Challenges in Studying Air Quality in Epidemiology?

Several challenges exist in studying the impact of air quality on health:
- Exposure Assessment: Accurately measuring individual exposure to air pollutants is difficult.
- Confounding Factors: Other factors, such as smoking, socioeconomic status, and pre-existing health conditions, can confound results.
- Long Latency Periods: Some health effects, such as cancer, have long latency periods, making it challenging to establish a direct link to air pollution.

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