What are the challenges associated with using smartphone apps in Epidemiology?

Despite their potential, the use of smartphone apps in Epidemiology comes with several challenges. Privacy concerns are paramount, as these apps often require access to sensitive personal data. Ensuring data security and obtaining user consent are crucial to maintaining public trust. Additionally, there is the issue of accessibility; not all individuals have smartphones or are comfortable using such technology. This digital divide can result in biased data and limit the effectiveness of app-based interventions.