History has seen several significant outbreaks that have shaped public health policies and epidemiological practices:
The 1918 Influenza Pandemic (Spanish Flu) caused by the H1N1 influenza virus, which led to millions of deaths worldwide. The HIV/AIDS epidemic, which emerged in the late 20th century and continues to affect millions globally. The Ebola virus outbreaks, particularly the 2014-2016 West Africa outbreak, which highlighted the need for rapid response and international cooperation. The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has had profound global health, economic, and social impacts.
