Several notable follow-up studies have contributed significantly to our understanding of various health conditions: - Framingham Heart Study: A long-term study that has provided invaluable insights into cardiovascular disease. - Nurses' Health Study: Focused on the long-term health of women, this study has shed light on the effects of diet, lifestyle, and medication. - Hiroshima and Nagasaki Studies: Follow-up of atomic bomb survivors to understand the long-term effects of radiation exposure.