What are Some Challenges and Limitations of LC-MS in Epidemiology?

Despite its strengths, LC-MS has some challenges and limitations in epidemiology:

High cost of equipment and maintenance, which may limit accessibility for some research institutions.
Need for specialized technical expertise to operate the instruments and interpret the results.
Potential for sample contamination or matrix effects that can affect accuracy and precision.
Limited availability of reference standards for certain compounds, complicating quantification.