Epidemiologists use several study designs, including: - Cohort Studies: Follow a group of people over time to see how their exposures affect their outcomes. - Case-Control Studies: Compare individuals with a disease to those without to identify potential causes. - Cross-Sectional Studies: Analyze data from a population at a specific point in time. - Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs): Randomly assign participants to different interventions to determine their effectiveness.