Performing STL involves the following steps: 1. Data Collection: Gather time series data relevant to the disease or health condition being studied. 2. Preprocessing: Handle missing values, smooth noisy data, and ensure the data is appropriately formatted. 3. Apply STL: Use statistical software or programming languages like R or Python to decompose the time series into trend, seasonality, and residual components. 4. Interpret Results: Analyze each component to gain insights into the disease dynamics.