Geographical data can be collected through various methods:
Geographic Information Systems (GIS): These systems are used to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present spatial or geographic data. Remote Sensing: This involves the use of satellite or aerial imagery to gather information about the Earth's surface. Surveillance Systems: Public health surveillance systems often include geographic data, such as the location of reported cases of infectious diseases. Surveys and Census Data: Population surveys and census data can provide valuable geographical information related to health outcomes and risk factors.