Data Collection: Gathering data from various sources such as hospitals, clinics, and public health surveys. Data Storage: Safely storing vast amounts of data to maintain a historical record for longitudinal studies. Data Analysis: Utilizing statistical methods to identify trends, patterns, and associations in the data. Data Visualization: Creating charts, graphs, and maps to visually represent findings and make data more accessible. Reporting: Generating comprehensive reports to communicate findings to stakeholders, policymakers, and the public.