Various regulatory frameworks and guidelines exist to ensure confidentiality in epidemiological research:
HIPAA: The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act in the United States sets standards for the protection of health information. GDPR: The General Data Protection Regulation in the European Union outlines rules for data protection and privacy. Ethical Guidelines: Organizations like the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provide ethical guidelines for data handling in research.
