Nutrient pollutants can lead to several health issues, directly and indirectly. For example, the proliferation of harmful algal blooms (HABs) due to excessive nutrients can produce toxins harmful to humans. Exposure to these toxins can cause respiratory issues, skin irritation, and in severe cases, neurological problems. Additionally, the contamination of drinking water sources with nitrates has been linked to conditions such as methemoglobinemia, particularly in infants.
