Molecular tests typically involve the collection of a sample, such as blood, saliva, or tissue. The sample is then processed to extract nucleic acids. Techniques such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplify specific DNA or RNA sequences, making it possible to detect even minute amounts of pathogens. Other methods, like Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), can sequence entire genomes, providing comprehensive insights into the genetic makeup of pathogens.
