Identifying underpowered studies involves several steps:
1. Sample Size Calculations: Before conducting a study, researchers should perform sample size calculations based on anticipated effect sizes, desired power, and significance levels. 2. Power Analysis: Retrospective power analysis can help determine if a study was adequately powered post hoc. 3. Review of Variability and Effect Size: Reviewing the variability within the data and the effect size can provide insights into whether the study was adequately powered.
