Epidemiologists use a variety of methods to study transmission patterns, including observational studies, mathematical modeling, and field investigations.
Observational Studies Observational studies, such as cohort and case-control studies, help identify risk factors and transmission routes. For instance, they can determine whether certain behaviors or environmental conditions are associated with higher infection rates.
Mathematical Modeling Mathematical models simulate the spread of diseases based on various parameters like R0, incubation period, and intervention strategies. These models can predict future outbreaks and assess the potential impact of control measures.
Field Investigations Field investigations involve collecting data directly from affected communities. This includes activities like contact tracing, where close contacts of infected individuals are identified and monitored to prevent further spread.
