In epidemiology, the SF-36 is crucial for measuring the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in populations. It provides a comprehensive overview of how individuals perceive their physical and mental health, which is essential for identifying health disparities, evaluating interventions, and understanding the burden of various diseases. The SF-36 is used in both cross-sectional studies to assess health status at a single point in time and longitudinal studies to track changes over time.