Several types of epidemiological studies are used to investigate the effects of environmental exposures:
1. Cohort Studies: These studies follow a group of people over time to see how different exposures affect their health outcomes. 2. Case-Control Studies: These studies compare individuals with a certain health condition (cases) to those without (controls) to identify potential exposure differences. 3. Cross-Sectional Studies: These studies collect data at a single point in time to examine the relationship between exposure and health outcomes. 4. Ecological Studies: These studies examine data at the population level rather than the individual level, making them useful for identifying trends and generating hypotheses.
