Several tools and software are available for geocoding in epidemiology: - GIS Software: Geographic Information Systems (GIS) like ArcGIS and QGIS are commonly used for geocoding and spatial analysis. - Online Geocoding Services: Services like Google Maps API, Bing Maps API, and OpenStreetMap offer geocoding capabilities. - Specialized Epidemiological Tools: Tools like SaTScan and GeoDa provide advanced spatial analysis functions specifically for epidemiological research.