Several techniques are employed in laboratory analysis within epidemiology. Some of the most common methods include:
1. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): Used to amplify DNA and RNA sequences, making it possible to detect even small amounts of pathogen genetic material. 2. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA): Used to detect antibodies or antigens in a sample, helping to identify infections or immune responses. 3. Culture Techniques: Growing microorganisms in controlled environments to identify and study them. 4. Microscopy: Visual examination of samples to identify pathogens based on their morphology. 5. Mass Spectrometry: Used for identifying the composition of chemical compounds and biological molecules.
