What Methods are Commonly Used in Human Subjects Research?

In epidemiology, several methods are commonly employed in human subjects research, including:

1. Cohort studies: Follow a group of people over time to assess the outcomes of exposures.
2. Case-control studies: Compare individuals with a disease (cases) to those without (controls) to identify risk factors.
3. Cross-sectional studies: Analyze data from a population at a single point in time to identify the prevalence of outcomes and exposures.
4. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs): Assign participants randomly to different interventions to evaluate their efficacy.