Epidemiologists have utilized a variety of methodologies to study hibakusha, including: - Cohort Studies: Longitudinal studies following hibakusha over time to monitor health outcomes. - Case-Control Studies: Comparing hibakusha with individuals who were not exposed to the atomic bombings to identify specific health risks. - Cross-Sectional Surveys: Assessing the prevalence of health issues at a single point in time among hibakusha.