Bats have several unique characteristics that make them effective reservoirs for pathogens. Firstly, their ability to fly allows them to cover large distances, spreading diseases over wide areas. Secondly, bats have a high tolerance for viruses due to their unique immune system, enabling them to host pathogens without getting sick. Lastly, their social behavior, including roosting in large colonies, facilitates the transmission of pathogens within bat populations and to other species.