What is the Epidemiological Evidence Linking Smoking to Lung Cancer?
The linkage between smoking and lung cancer was first established through epidemiological studies in the mid-20th century. One of the most notable studies was conducted by Richard Doll and Bradford Hill, which demonstrated a strong association between smoking and lung cancer. Subsequent studies have consistently shown that smokers are significantly more likely to develop lung cancer compared to non-smokers. For instance, smokers are estimated to be 15â30 times more likely to develop lung cancer.
