Despite their critical role, these agencies face numerous challenges: - Funding Limitations: Budget constraints can limit the scope of research and intervention programs. - Political Influence: Policy decisions may be affected by political agendas, impacting the effectiveness of health interventions. - Global Health Inequities: Disparities in healthcare infrastructure and resources between countries can complicate international health initiatives. - Emerging Threats: New diseases and mutations, such as COVID-19, require rapid adaptation and response.