Waterborne diseases are primarily caused by drinking or coming into contact with contaminated water. Common pathogens include bacteria (e.g., Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae), viruses (e.g., Norovirus, Hepatitis A), and protozoa (e.g., Giardia, Cryptosporidium). These microorganisms can enter water supplies through sewage, industrial waste, and runoff from agricultural areas.
