Sputum analysis can detect a wide range of pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. It is particularly effective in identifying Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium responsible for tuberculosis. Additionally, it can reveal the presence of pneumococci and Haemophilus influenzae, which are common causes of pneumonia. Fungal infections, such as those caused by Aspergillus species, can also be identified through sputum analysis.
