There are several types of adjuvants used in vaccines today. These include:
Alum (aluminum salts) - One of the oldest and most widely used adjuvants. Oil-in-Water Emulsions - Such as MF59 and AS03, which are used in flu vaccines. Liposomes - These are vesicles that can encapsulate antigens and improve their delivery. TLR Agonists - Toll-like receptor agonists that mimic pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).
