X-rays are primarily used in diagnostic imaging to identify and monitor diseases. In epidemiology, they are valuable for:
1. Surveillance of Disease: X-rays help monitor the prevalence and incidence of diseases, such as tuberculosis and pneumonia. Mass screening programs often employ X-rays to detect pulmonary diseases in populations.
2. Research Studies: Large-scale epidemiological studies utilize X-rays to correlate imaging findings with clinical outcomes. For instance, the Framingham Heart Study used chest X-rays to investigate the relationship between heart enlargement and cardiovascular diseases.
3. Occupational Health: X-rays play a role in monitoring occupational exposures to hazards, such as asbestos and silica dust. Regular imaging helps detect early signs of lung diseases in workers.
