Understanding the epidemiology of EM involves examining several factors:
Geographical Distribution
EM and Lyme disease are most commonly reported in the northeastern and upper midwestern United States, as well as parts of Europe and Asia. Regions with high incidences often correlate with the habitats of Ixodes ticks, the primary vectors of Lyme disease.
Seasonal Variation
EM occurrences peak during the warmer months, from late spring to early fall, which coincides with the active periods of ticks. This seasonal pattern is critical for public health planning and awareness campaigns.
Populations at Risk
Individuals who live in or frequent wooded, grassy, or rural areas are at higher risk of tick bites and subsequently developing EM. Outdoor workers, hikers, campers, and pet owners are particularly susceptible.
