What are the common laboratory methods used in epidemiology?
Various laboratory techniques are employed in epidemiology, including:
- Microbiological Methods: These involve the isolation and identification of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. - Molecular Techniques: These include PCR, sequencing, and genotyping, which help in understanding the genetic makeup of pathogens. - Serological Tests: Used to detect the presence of antibodies or antigens in blood samples, indicating exposure to a pathogen. - Biochemical Methods: These involve the analysis of biomarkers to understand disease processes. - Immunological Techniques: Techniques like ELISA and flow cytometry to analyze immune responses.
